Oral vascular leiomyoma: Report of two cases, review of literature and immunohistochemistry study [Leiomioma vascular bucal: Relato de dois casos, revisão da literatura e estudo imuno-histoquímico]

Abstract

Introduction: The leiomyomas are benign tumors of smooth muscle origin, which are more frequently found in genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts. However, leiomyomas rarely arise in the oral cavity, and when it happens, the majority of them is originated by smooth muscle of blood vessels. Aims: Report two cases of oral vascular leiomyoma with similar clinical characteristics, and discuss their aspects with the literature. Case report: Two cases of vascular leiomyoma in women that presented a nodular mass in the tongue ventral surface were described. The microscopic analysis revealed numerous blood vessels surrounded by spindle cells with ovoid or elongated nuclei. The two cases presented immunopositivity for smooth muscle actin, confirming the diagnosis. Conclusion: The study of vascular leiomyoma is required due to its rarity and similar aspects with other oral common lesions. The immunohistochemical analysis is a fundamental tool for the final diagnosis of leiomyoma.