A representação social do trabalho para adolescentes trabalhadores

Abstract

Resumo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral investigar as representações sociais do trabalho entre adolescentes trabalhadores inseridos em um programa de aprendizagem laboral na cidade de São José dos Campos/SP. Essa instituição oferece um projeto de apoio para a inserção de adolescentes no mercado de trabalho por meio de parcerias com empresas públicas e privadas, cuidando, assim, para que essa inserção laboral ocorra seguindo as exigências da Lei de Aprendizagem (n} 10.097/2000) e do Decreto Federal 5.598/2005.Para realizar a pesquisa, adotou-se como método o Estudo de Caso (YIN, 2001), considerando que essa instituição pesquisada constitui-se como um caso específico de apoio a adolescentes trabalhadores. Como instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram aplica

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the social representations of teen workers who are tied to an institution located in the city of São José dos Campos, in the Vale do Paraíba Paulista region. This institution provides support project for the insertion of teenagers in the labor market through partnerships with public and private companies, ensuring that job placement occurs following the requirements of the Learning Law (nº. 10.097 / 2000) and Federal Decree 5.598/2005. To conduct the research, was adopted the method of case study (YIN , 2001), considering that the research institution is constituted as a specific case of support for adolescent workers. As instruments for data collection were used questionnaires semi-structured interviews, besides free interpretations from pictures with different work situations, study and leisure. As research subjects, 280 teenagers participates in the questionnaires step and 23 adolescents in the qualitive steps. The tabulation of the questionnaires was performed using the SPHINX 5.0 software and later analyzes from the three dimensions of social representation were performed: information, representational field and attitudes (MOSCOVICI, 20 12), creating three axes to organize discussions, beyond sociodemographics: "Me aning of work"; "Repercussions of work in the lives of teenagers" and; "Relationship Work X Study". To analyze the data obtained from the semi-structured interviews was adopted the technique of content analysis (BARDIN, 2007), creating four categories of analysis: "Changes in adolescent life from work"; "Reasons for the teenagers get to work"; "Dream Job" and; "Work design". Finally, the analysis of figures from the free associations was held after the organization of con tents and interpretations obtained within the three thematic classes of the figures used in the research, ie, "work"; "Study" and; "Family and Leisure". After completing the analysis of each instrument, was created a triangulation of methods in which the different data collection techniques were compared and collated, enabling a greater understanding of the phenomenon of social representations of teen worker s. Therefore, were created three blocks of analysis: "Meaning of work"; "Repercussions of work in the lives of teenagers" and; "Relationship Work X Study", which brought together all the data obtained from the research and analyzed and discussed the content according to the theme of it. After all this process of analysis, ha s come up that the social representations of work for teens surveyed were relate to the acquisition of responsibility and maturity that contribute to their recognition in society and to the formation of their identities. Moreover, the social representation of the work is also linked to the acquisition of learning, experience and best opportunities in the labor market. And finally, the social representation of t he work is linked to the moral value of workers that are seen as honest and decent fighter. Finally, is necessary to emphasize that the work in adolescence stood as a natural way in the lives of adolescents surveyed, however, that experience is represented positively by being linked to a learning dimension to the work.