Mechanical damages associated with pathogens and performance of corn seeds (Zea mays L.) [Danos Mecânicos associados a patógenos e desempenho de sementes de milho]

Abstract

The damages caused to seeds due to mechanized operations performed along the production process can negatively affect the quality of the material obtained. According to specific literature, this qualitative reduction can be aggravated when the injury interacts with the microorganisms found in the seed surface or in the soil at seeding. Thus, by performing pathogen inoculations and injuries in the region of the endosperm cap, top of scutellum and black layer of corn seeds, the aim of this paper was to verify the existing relationship between the mechanical damages, the presence of microorganisms and seed performance. After sanitary and physiological tests were carried out it was concluded that the damages, particularly when Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium moniliforme were found in the seeds, promote progressive qualitative losses as they approach the embryo. When compared with one another the negative interferences of Aspergillus sp. and F. moniliforme are more evident than those of the Penicillium sp.